Which entities are responsible for monitoring resource availability and output within the electric system?

The correct choice highlights the essential roles of Transmission Operators, Balancing Authorities, and Reliability Coordinators in overseeing the electric grid's performance and ensuring resource availability.

Transmission Operators are responsible for ensuring the reliable operation of the transmission network, including monitoring the flows of electricity, maintaining stability, and managing outages. Their tasks are crucial for the seamless operation of the grid and preventing disruptions.

Balancing Authorities have the responsibility to maintain the balance between electricity supply and demand within their designated areas. They monitor generation resources and load requirements in real time, making necessary adjustments by either ramping up generation or curtailing loads to ensure that demand is met without compromising system reliability.

Reliability Coordinators operate at a higher level, monitoring wider geographic areas across multiple Balancing Authorities. They provide oversight and coordination to ensure that individual actions do not adversely affect reliability on a broader scale. They analyze data to detect potential issues, facilitate communication among various operators, and coordinate responses to ensure electric service continuity.

Together, these entities play a critical role in maintaining an efficient and reliable electric system, making them the key players in monitoring resource availability and output. In contrast, the other options do not encompass the comprehensive responsibilities that are required for effective oversight of resource availability and output in the electric grid