What is the primary utility of protective relays in the power system?

Protective relays play a crucial role in maintaining the safety and reliability of the power system. Their primary utility lies in their ability to isolate faults and ensure the integrity of the electrical grid. When abnormal conditions occur, such as short circuits or equipment malfunctions, protective relays detect these issues and initiate a response to disconnect the affected section of the system from the rest of the network. This swift action prevents further damage to equipment, minimizes the risk of widespread outages, and protects personnel working within the system.

Over time, the proper functioning of protective relays is fundamental to preventing catastrophic failures that could lead to significant financial losses, safety hazards, and long-term service disruptions. Therefore, their primary function centers on safeguarding the power system and maintaining stability by acting quickly and effectively during fault conditions.